| SPECIES COMMON NAME | SPECIES LATIN NAME | FAMILY COMMON NAME (LATIN NAME) | ORIGIN |
| ANGIOSPERMS, GYMNOSPERMS & FERNS | |||
| Trees | |||
| Ash, Green or Red (adventive seedlings) | Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall | Olive (Oleaceae) | native |
| Aspen, Trembling or Quaking (adventive suckers) | Populus tremuloides Michx. | Willow (Salicaceae) | native |
| Basswood, American (adventive seedlings) | Tilia americana L. var. americana | Linden (Tiliaceae) | native |
| Boxelder or Ash-leaf Maple (adventive seedlings) | Acer negundo L. | Maple (Aceraceae) | native |
| Catalpa, Northern; Catawba or Cigar Tree; Indian Bean |
Catalpa speciosa Warder ex Engelm. | Trumpet-creeper (Bignoniaceae) | N.Am., not IA |
| Cherry, Black (adventive seedlings) | Prunus serotina Ehrh. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Chokecherry (adventive suckers) | Prunus virginiana L. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Cottonwood, Plains (adventive suckers) | Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshall ssp. monilifera (Aiton) Eckenw. |
Willow (Salicaceae) | native |
| Elm, Slippery (adventive seedlings) | Ulmus rubra Muhl. | Elm (Ulmaceae) | native |
| Hackberry | Celtis occidentalis L. | Elm (Ulmaceae) | native |
| Hickory, Bitternut or Pignut (adventive seedlings) | Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K.Koch | Walnut (Juglandaceae) | native |
| Locust, Black (adventive seedlings) | Robinia pseudoacacia L. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | N.Am., not IA |
| Locust, Honey (adventive seedlings) | Gleditsia triacanthos L. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Maple, Silver (adventive seedlings) | Acer saccharinum L. | Maple (Aceraceae) | native |
| Mulberry, White or Russian or Silkworm (adventive seedlings) |
Morus alba L. | Mulberry (Moraceae) | e.Asia |
| Oak, Black | Quercus velutina Lam. in Lam. et al. | Beech (Fagaceae) | native |
| Oak, Burr or Mossy-cup (adventive seedlings) | Quercus macrocarpa Michx. | Beech (Fagaceae) | native |
| Oak, Northern Red (planted trees, adventive seedlings) | Quercus rubra L. | Beech (Fagaceae) | native |
| Oak, White or Eastern White | Quercus alba L. | Beech (Fagaceae) | native |
| Pine, Austrian | Pinus nigra Arnold | Pine (Pinaceae) | Europe |
| Pine, Eastern White or Northern White | Pinus strobus L. | Pine (Pinaceae) | native |
| Redcedar, Eastern (planted trees, adventive seedlings) |
Juniperus virginiana L. var. virginiana | Redwood; Cypress (Cupressaceae) | native |
| Spruce, Norway | Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. | Pine (Pinaceae) | Europe |
| Shrubs/Vines | |||
| Bindweed, Black | Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á.Löve [=Polygonum convolvulus L.] |
Smartweed (Polygonaceae) | Eurasia, n.Africa |
| Bindweed, Hedge; Wild Morning Glory; Rutland Beauty | Calystegia sepium (L.) Brummitt ssp. angulata Brummitt [sec. Frymoyer] | Morning Glory (Convolvulaceae) | native |
| Bittersweet, American | Celastrus scandens L. | Spindle or Staff Tree (Celastraceae) | native |
| Blackberry, Allegheny | Rubus allegheniensis Porter | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Bur Cucumber | Sicyos angulatus L. | Gourd; Cucumber (Cucurbitaceae) | native |
| Carrion Flower | Smilax lasioneura Hook. [=S. herbacea L. ssp. lasioneura (Hook.) Á.Löve & D.Löve] |
Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Clematis, Bellflower or Pitcher's | Clematis pitcheri Torr. & A.Gray var. pitcheri [sec. Scott] | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Dewberry, Northern | Rubus flagellaris Willd. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Elderberry, Common | Sambucus canadensis L. | Honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae) | native |
| False-buckwheat, Climbing | Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub [sec. Frymoyer] [=Polygonum scandens L.] |
Smartweed (Polygonaceae) | native |
| Gooseberry, Wild | Ribes missouriense Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray | Gooseberry (Grossulariaceae) | native |
| Grape, Riverbank or Frost | Vitis riparia Michx. | Grape (Vitaceae) | native |
| Greenbrier, Bristly; China Root; Hellfetter | Smilax tamnoides L. [=S. hispida Muhl.] |
Greenbrier; Catbrier (Smilacaceae) | native |
| Hazelnut; Hazel, American | Corylus americana Walter | Birch (Betulaceae) | native |
| Hogpeanut, American | Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fernald | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Leadplant | Amorpha canescens Nutt. ex Pursh | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Moonseed, Canada | Menispermum canadense L. | Moonseed (Menispermaceae) | native |
| New Jersey Tea | Ceanothus americanus L. | Buckthorn (Rhamnaceae) | native |
| Poison Ivy | Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze | Cashew; Sumac (Anacardiaceae) | native |
| Raspberry, Black | Rubus occidentalis L. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Rose, Carolina | Rosa carolina L. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Rose, Multiflora | Rosa multiflora Thunb. | Rose (Rosaceae) | e.Asia |
| Rose, Prairie | Rosa arkansana Porter var. suffulta (Greene) Cockerell [= R. suffulta Greene] | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Sumac, Smooth | Rhus glabra L. | Cashew; Sumac (Anacardiaceae) | native |
| Sumac, Staghorn | Rhus typhina L. | Cashew; Sumac (Anacardiaceae) | native |
| Trumpet Creeper or Vine; Devil's Shoelaces or Shoestrings; Hell Vine | Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau | Trumpet-creeper (Bignoniaceae) | native |
| Virginia Creeper | Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. | Grape (Vitaceae) | native |
| Virgin's Bower | Clematis cf. virginiana L. | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Wild Bean, Trailing; Annual Woolly Bean; Trailing Fuzzy-bean |
Strophostyles helvula (L.) Elliott [sec. Scott] | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Willow, Prairie | Salix humilis Marshall var. humilis | Willow (Salicaceae) | native |
| Yam, Wild; Yam or Colic Root | Dioscorea villosa L. | Yam (Dioscoreaceae) | native |
| Herbs | |||
| Agrimony, Tall Hairy or Common | Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Alumroot, Prairie or Richardson's | Heuchera richardsonii R.Br. | Sandalwood (Santalaceae) | native |
| Anemone, Canada | Anemone canadensis L. | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Anemone, Long-headed or Candle; Thimbleweed | Anemone cylindrica A.Gray | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Anemone, Rue | Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) A.J.Eames & B.Boivin [=Anemonella thalictroides L.] |
Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Anemone, Wood | Anemone quinquefolia L. var. quinquefolia | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Asparagus, Garden or Common | Asparagus officinalis L. [sec. Scott] | Lily (Liliaceae) | Europe |
| Aster, Arrowleaf or White Arrowleaf | Symphiotrichum urophyllum (Lindl. ex DC.) G.L.Nesom [sec. Jones] [=Aster urophyllus Lindl. ex DC.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Aster, Azure or Skyblue | Symphiotrichum oolentangiense (Riddell) G.L.Nesom [=Aster azureus Lindl. in Hook.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Aster, Hairy | Symphiotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom [=Aster pilosus Willd.] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Aster, hybrid between Drummond's Aster & Arrowleaf or White Arrowleaf Aster | Symphiotrichum drummondii (Lindl. ex Hook.) G.L.Nesom ssp. drummondii [=Aster drummondii Lindl. in Hook.] x Symphiotrichum urophyllum (Lindl. ex DC.) G.L.Nesom [=A. urophyllus (or near)] [sec. Jones] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Aster, Lance-leaved or Panicled or White Panicled | Symphiotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom [sec. Jones] [=Aster lanceolatus Willd.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Aster, One-sided or White Woodland | Symphiotrichum lateriflorum (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve [=Aster lateriflorus (L.) Britton] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Aster, Wreath | Symphiotrichum ericoides (L.) G.L.Nesom [sec. Jones] var. prostratum (Kuntze) G.L.Nesom [=Aster ericoides L. var. prostratus (Kuntze) S.F.Blake] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Aunt Lucy; Water-pod | Ellisia nyctelea (L.) L. | Water-leaf (Hydrophyllaceae) | native |
| Avens, White or Canada | Geum canadense Jacq. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Beadgrass | Paspalum setaceum Michx. var. muhlenbergii (Nash) D.J.Banks |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Beardtongue, Foxglove; Foxglove Penstemon | Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims [sec. Lyon] | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | native |
| Beardtongue, Pale | Penstemon pallidus Small | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | native |
| Bedstraw, Annual or Common; Cleavers; Stickywilly |
Galium aparine L. | Bedstraw; Madder (Rubiaceae) | native |
| Bedstraw, Fragrant or Sweet-scented | Galium triflorum Michx. | Bedstraw; Madder (Rubiaceae) | native |
| Beggar-ticks | Bidens frondosa L. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Bellflower, Creeping or Rover; False Rampion | Campanula rapunculoides L. | Bellflower; Bluebell (Campanulaceae) | Eurasia |
| Bellflower, Tall | Campanula americana L. | Bellflower; Bluebell (Campanulaceae) | native |
| Bent Grass, Upland or Autumn | Agrostis perennans (Walter) Tuck. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Bergamot, Wild; Beebalm | Monarda fistulosa L. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Black-eyed Susan | Rudbeckia hirta L. var. pulcherrima Farw. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Bloodroot | Sanguinaria canadensis L. | Poppy (Papaveraceae) | native |
| Blue-eyed Grass | Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. [sec. Lyon] | Iris (Iridaceae) | native |
| Blue-eyed Grass | Sisyrinchium campestre E.P.Bicknell | Iris (Iridaceae) | native |
| Bluejoint | Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) P.Beauv. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Bluestem, Big; Turkeyfoot | Andropogon gerardii Vitman | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Bluestem, Little | Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash var. scoparium [=Andropogon scoparius] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Bluets or Bluet, Longleaf or Longleaf Summer | Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. [sec. Lyon] | Bedstraw; Madder (Rubiaceae) | native |
| Bluets or Bluet, Tiny or Small or Least | Houstonia pusilla Schoepf [=H. minima Beck] |
Bedstraw; Madder (Rubiaceae) | native |
| Brome, Downy; Downy Chess; Cheatgrass | Bromus tectorum L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Europe |
| Bouncing-bet, Soapwort | Saponaria officinalis L. | Carnation; Pink (Caryophyllaceae) | Eurasia |
| Brome, Meadow; Hairy Chess | Bromus commutatus Schrad. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Europe |
| Brome, Smooth or Hungarian | Bromus inermis Leyss. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Eurasia |
| Bushclover, Round-headed; Round-headed Lespedeza |
Lespedeza capitata Michx. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Buttercup, Early | Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex J.M.Bigelow | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Buttercup, Small-flowered or Little-leaf | Ranunculus abortivus L. | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Campion, Starry; Widow's Frill | Silene stellata (L.) W.T.Aiton in Aiton & W.T.Aiton | Carnation; Pink (Caryophyllaceae) | native |
| Carrion Flower, Upright | Smilax ecirrhata S.Watson in A.Gray et al. | Greenbrier; Catbrier (Smilacaceae) | native |
| Chickweed, Common Mouse-ear | Cerastium fontanum Baumg. ssp. vulgare (Hartm.) Greuter & Burdet [=C. vulgatum L.] |
Carnation; Pink (Caryophyllaceae) | Europe |
| Chickweed, Giant | Myosoton aquaticum (L.) Moench [=Stellaria aquatica (L.) Scop.] |
Carnation; Pink (Caryophyllaceae) | Europe |
| Cicely, Smooth Sweet; Anise Root; Sweet Anise | Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Sicely, Sweet or Wooly Sweet | Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) C.B.Clarke | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Cinquefoil, Common or Old-field | Potentilla simplex Michx. | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Cinquefoil, Sulphur or Rough-fruited | Potentilla recta L. | Rose (Rosaceae) | Europe |
| Cinquefoil, Tall or Prairie | Potentilla arguta Pursh | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Clover, Alsike | Trifolium hybridum L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | Europe |
| Clover, Field or Low Hop or Pinnate Hop | Trifolium campestre Schreb. in Sturm [sec. Scott] [=T. procumbens L.] |
Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | Eurasia |
| Clover, Red | Trifolium pratense L. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | Europe |
| Clover, White or Dutch or Ladino | Trifolium repens L. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | Eurasia |
| Columbine, Canada | Aquilegia canadensis L. | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Coneflower, Grayhead or Pinnate Prairie | Ratibida pinnata (Venturi) Barnhardt | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Coneflower, Pale Ppurple | Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. [sec. Frymoyer] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Coreopsis, Finger; Stiff Tickseed | Coreopsis palmata Nutt. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Coreopsis, Tickseed; Lanceleaf Tickseed | Coreopsis lanceolata L. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | N.Am, not IA |
| Cowbane; Common Water Dropwort | Oxypolis rigidior (L.) Raf. | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Creeping Charlie; Ground-ivy | Glechoma hederacea L. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | Eurasia |
| Cress, Field or Cow; Field Pepper Grass | Lepidium campestre (L.) R.Br. | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | Eurasia |
| Croton, Sand or Tropic | Croton glandulosus L. var. septentrionalis Müll.Arg. |
Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| Culver's Root; Beaumont's Root; Bowman's Root; Blackroot |
Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | native |
| Cup Plant | Silphium perfoliatum L. var. perfoliatum | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Daisy, Ox-eye or White | Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. [=Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | Eurasia |
| Dame's Rocket | Hesperis matronalis L. [sec. Scott] | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | Eurasia |
| Dandelion, Common | Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | Europe |
| Daylily, Orange or Tawny | Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. | Lily (Liliaceae) | Eurasia |
| Dock, Curly or Yellow | Rumex crispus L. | Smartweed (Polygonaceae) | Eurasia |
| Dogbane, Spreading; Pink-flowered Dogbane | Apocynum androsaemifolium L. | Dogbane; Oleander (Apocynaceae) | native |
| Dragon, green or Root | Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott in Schott & Endl. [sec. Rhodes] |
Arum; Calla (Araceae) | native |
| Dropseed, Sand | Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) A.Gray | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Dutchman's Breeches | Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. | Bleeding Heart; Fumitory (Fumariaceae) | native |
| Dwarf Dandelion, Orange | Krigia biflora (Walter) S.F.Blake | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Elecampane | Inula helenium L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | Europe |
| Enchanters Nightshade, Broadleaf | Circaea lutetiana L. ssp. canadensis (L.) Asch. & Magnus |
Evening Primrose (Onagraceae) | native |
| Evening Primrose, Common or Bastard | Oenothera biennis L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Evening Primrose (Onagraceae) | native |
| Evening Primrose, Four-point or Long-spike; Sand Primrose |
Oenothera rhombipetala Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray [sec. Lyon] |
Evening Primrose (Onagraceae) | native |
| Evening Primrose, Meadow; Prairie or Meadow Sundrops |
Oenothera pilosella Raf. [sec. Scott] | Evening Primrose (Onagraceae) | native |
| False Boneset | Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) Shinners [=Kuhnia eupatorioides L.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Fern, Bracken | Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn in Decken var. latiusculum (Desv.) Underw. ex A.Heller |
Fern, Bracken (Dennstaedtiaceae) | native |
| Fern, Interrupted | Osmunda claytoniana L. | Fern, Royal (Osmundaceae) | native |
| Fern, Northern Lady | Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth ex Mert. var. angustum (Willd.) G.W.Lawson |
Fern, Wood (Dryopteridaceae) | native |
| Fern, Sensitive | Onoclea sensibilis L. | Fern, Wood (Dryopteridaceae) | native |
| Fescue, Hard or Sheep | Festuca trachyphylla (Hack.) Krajina | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Europe |
| Fescue, Nodding | Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) E.B.Alexeev [=F. obtusa] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Feverfew; Wild Quinine | Parthenium integrifolium L. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Figwort, Early or Lanceleaf | Scrophularia lanceolata Pursh | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | native |
| Figwort, Late; Carpenter's Square | Scrophularia marilandica L. | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | native |
| Fire-on-the-mountain; Painted Leaf | Euphorbia cyathophora Murray | Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| Fleabane, Daisy or Common Eastern | Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. [sec. Frymoyer] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Fleabane, Eastern Daisy | Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. [sec. Scott] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Fleabane, Hairy; Robin's Plantain | Erigeron pulchellus Michx. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Fleabane, Philadelphia | Erigeron philadelphicus L. [sec. Scott] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Flixweed; Tansy Mustard; Herb Sophia | Descurainia cf. sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | Eurasia |
| Fogfruit, Lanceleaf | Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene | Vervain (Verbenaceae) | native |
| Four-o'clock, Wild or Heartleaf | Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacMill. | Four-o'clock (Nyctaginaceae) | native |
| Foxtail, Yellow | Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult. ssp. pumila [=S. glauca (L.) P.Beauv.] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Europe |
| Garlic Mustard | Alliaria petiolata (M.Bieb.) Cavara & Grande | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | Europe |
| Gayfeather, Prairie Or Cattail | Liatris pycnostachya Michx. var. pycnostachya [sec. Frymoyer] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Gayfeather, Rough | Liatris aspera Michx. [sec. Scott] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Gentian, Bottle Or Closed | Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. [sec. O'Keefe] | Gentian (Gentianaceae) | native |
| Gentian, Downy or Prairie | Gentiana puberulenta J.S.Pringle [G. puberula Michx. misapplied] |
Gentian (Gentianaceae) | native |
| Gentian, Pale or Yellow | Gentiana alba Muhl. ex Nutt. [=G. flavida A.Gray] |
Gentian (Gentianaceae) | native |
| Geranium, Carolina; Carolina Cranesbill | Geranium carolinianum L. [sec. Scott] | Geranium (Geraniaceae) | native |
| Geranium, Wild Or Spotted | Geranium maculatum L. | Geranium (Geraniaceae) | native |
| Germander, Canada; Wood-sage | Teucrium canadense L. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Goat's beard; Yellow Salsify | Tragopogon dubius Scop. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | Europe |
| Goats Rue; Rabbit-pea; Virginia Tephrosia | Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Golden Alexanders, Common | Zizia aurea (L.) W.J.D.Koch | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Goldenrod, Common or Harger's | Solidago canadensis L. var. hargeri Fernald | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Goldenrod, Hairy | Solidago hispida Muhl. ex Willd. [sec. Frymoyer] [=S. bicolor L.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Goldenrod, Showy or Noble or Prairie | Solidago speciosa Nutt. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Grape-hyacinth, Common | Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill. | Lily (Liliaceae) | Europe |
| Ground Cherry, Clammy | Physalis heterphylla Nees | Nightshade (Solanaceae) | native |
| Ground Cherry, Lance-leaved or Virginia | Physalis virginiana Mill. | Nightshade (Solanaceae) | native |
| Hedge-nettle, Marsh; Woundwort | Stachys palustris L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Hemp, Marijuana | Cannabis sativa L. | Indian Hemp (Cannabaceae) | Asia |
| Honewort | Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Horse Gentian, Common; Wild Coffee; Tinker's Weed; Feverwort |
Triosteum perfoliatum L. | Honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae) | native |
| Horsemint, Dotted; Spotted Beebalm | Monarda punctata L. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Horse Nettle; Carolina Horse Nettle | Solanum carolinense L. | Nightshade (Solanaceae) | native |
| Horsetail, Common or Field | Equisetum arvense L. | Horsetail (Equisetaceae) | native |
| Horseweed | Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist [=Erigeron canadensis (L.) Cronquist] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Indian Hemp; Prairie Dogbane | Apocynum cannabinum L. | Dogbane; Oleander (Apocynaceae) | native |
| Indian Plantain | Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (L.) H.Robinson [=Cacalia atriplicifolia L.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Indiangrass | Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Indigo, White False or White Wild or Milky White | Baptisia alba (L.) Vent. var. macrophylla (Larisey) Isely [=B. lactea (Raf.) Thieret] |
Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Ironweed, Prairie | Vernonia fasciculata Michx. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Ironweed, Tall | Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Branner & Coville [sec. Frymoyer] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Jerusalem Artichoke | Helianthus tuberosus L. [sec. Scott] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Jewelweed; Spotted Touch-me-not | Impatiens capensis Meerb. [=I. biflora Walter] |
Jewelweed; Touch-me-not (Balsaminaceae) | native |
| Joe-pye Weed, Spotted | Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont [=Eupatorium maculatum L.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Jumpseed | Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaertn. [=Polygonum virginianum L.] |
Smartweed (Polygonaceae) | native |
| Junegrass | Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult. [=K. cristata (L.) Pers.] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Kentucky Bluegrass | Poa pratensis L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Eurasia |
| Ladies' Tresses, Nodding or Common | Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich. | Orchid (Orchidaceae) | native |
| Ladies' Tresses, Slender | Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. [=S. gracilis (Bigelow) Beck] |
Orchid (Orchidaceae) | native |
| Lady's Slipper, Small White | Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd. [sec. Brown] | Orchid (Orchidaceae) | native |
| Lady's Slipper, Yellow | Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var. pubescens (Willd.) O.W.Knight [=C. calceolus L. var. pubescens (Willd.) Correll] |
Orchid (Orchidaceae) | native |
| Lamb's Quarters; Pigweed | Chenopodium album L. | Goosefoot (Chenopodiaceae) | Europe |
| Lettuce, Wild | Lactuca canadensis L. [sec. Scott] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Lettuce, Woodland or Florida | Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Lily, Tiger | Lilium lancifolium Thunb. [=L. tigrinum Ker Gawl.] |
Lily (Liliaceae) | e.Asia |
| Lily, Turk's-cap or Michigan | Lilium michiganense Farw. [sec. Lyon] | Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Lily, Wood | Lilium philadelphicum L. | Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Lion's Foot | Prenanthes serpentaria Pursh [sec. Frymoyer] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Lobelia, Great or Blue; Blue Cardinal Flower | Lobelia siphilitica L. | Bellflower; Bluebell (Campanulaceae) | native |
| Lobelia, Spiked or Palespike | Lobelia spicata Lam. | Bellflower; Bluebell (Campanulaceae) | native |
| Loosestrife, Fringed | Lysimachia ciliata L. | Primrose (Primulaceae/Myrsinaceae) | native |
| Loosestrife, Lance-leaf | Lysimachia lanceolata Walter [sec. Frymoyer] | Primrose (Primulaceae/Myrsinaceae) | native |
| Lopseed | Phryma leptostachya L. | Lopseed (Phrymaceae) | native |
| Lousewort, Canada or Common; Wood Betony, Canada |
Pedicularis canadensis L. | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | native |
| Lovegrass, Purple | Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Mayapple; Indian Apple; Wild Mandrake | Podophyllum peltatum L. | Barberry (Berberidaceae) | native |
| Meadow Rue, Purple or Tall | Thalictrum dasycarpum Fischer & Avé-Lall. | Buttercup; Crowfoot (Ranunculaceae) | native |
| Medic, Black; Yellow Trefoil | Medicago lupulina L. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | Europe |
| Mercury, Three-seeded Common; Rhombic Copper-leaf |
Acalypha rhomboidea Raf. | Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| Mercury, Three-seeded Slender | Acalypha gracilens A.Gray | Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| Milkvetch, Canada | Astragalus canadensis L. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Milkweed, Butterfly; Butterfly Weed | Asclepias tuberosa L. ssp. interior Woodson | Milkweed (Asclepiadaceae) | native |
| Milkweed, Common | Asclepias syriaca L. | Milkweed (Asclepiadaceae) | native |
| Milkweed, Purple | Asclepias purpurascens L. | Milkweed (Asclepiadaceae) | native |
| Milkweed, Sand; Bluntleaf Milkweed | Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm. | Milkweed (Asclepiadaceae) | native |
| Milkweed, Whorled; Horsetail Milkweed | Asclepias verticillata L. | Milkweed (Asclepiadaceae) | native |
| Moneywort; Creeping Jenny | Lysimachia nummularia L. | Primrose (Primulaceae/Myrsinaceae) | Eurasia |
| Motherwort, Common | Leonurus cardiaca L. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | Asia |
| Mountain Mint, Common | Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T.Durand & B.D.Jacks. |
Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Mountain Mint, Hairy | Pycnanthemum pilosum Nutt. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Mountain Mint, Slender | Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Muhly, Spike | Muhlenbergia glomerata (Willd.) Trin. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Mullein, Common or Great; Fannel Plant | Verbascum thapsus L. | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | Europe |
| Mullein, Moth | Verbascum blattaria L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | Eurasia |
| Nettle, Stinging | Urtica dioica L. ssp. gracilis (Aiton) Selander | Nettle (Urticaceae) | native |
| Nightshade, Black or American Black | Solanum ptychanthum Dunal [sec. Frymoyer] [=S. americanum auct. non P.Miller] [=S. nigrum auct. non L.] |
Nightshade (Solanaceae) | native |
| Onion, Nodding Wild; Wild Onion | Allium cernuum Roth [sec. Frymoyer] | Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Onion, Wild; Wild Garlic | Allium canadense L. | Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Orchardgrass | Dactylis glomerata L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Eurasia, Africa |
| Orchis, Showy | Galearis spectabilis (L.) Raf. [sec. Cady] [=Orchis spectabilis L.] |
Orchid (Orchidaceae) | native |
| Oxeye; Smooth Oxeye; False Sunflower | Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Panicgrass, Hairy | Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A.Clark [=Panicum acuminatum Sw. var. acuminatum] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Panicgrass, Scribner's | Dichanthelium oligosanthes (Schult.) Gould ssp. scribnerianum (Nash) Freckmann & Lelong [=Panicum oligosanthes var. scribnerianum] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Parsnip; Wild Parsnip | Pastinaca sativa L. | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | Europe |
| Partridge Pea, Showy | Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene var. fasciculata [sec. Frymoyer, Lyon] [=Cassia fasciculata Michx.] |
Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Penny Cress, Field; Stinkweed | Thlaspi arvense L. | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | Europe |
| Pennyroyal, Rough False | Hedeoma hispida Pursh. [sec. Scott] | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Pepper Grass, Poor Man's or Virginia | Lepidium virginicum L. | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | native |
| Pepper Grass; Green-flowered Pepper Grass | Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. [sec. Thorne] | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | native |
| Petunia, Wild; Fringeleaf Ruellia | Ruellia humilis Nutt. | Acanthus (Acanthaceae) | native |
| Petunia, Wild; Smooth Ruellia | Ruellia strepens L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Acanthus (Acanthaceae) | native |
| Phlox, Blue or Wild Blue or Woodland | Phlox divaricata L. | Phlox (Polemoniaceae) | native |
| Phlox, Moss; Moss-pink | Phlox subulata L. | Phlox (Polemoniaceae) | N.Am., not IA |
| Phlox, Prairie or Downy | Phlox pilosa L. | Phlox (Polemoniaceae) | native |
| Pinweed, Narrow- or Slender-leaved | Lechea tenuifolia Michx. | Rock-rose (Cistaceae) | native |
| Plantain, Rugel's or Blackseed | Plantago rugelii Decne. | Plantain (Plantaginaceae) | native |
| Plantain, Virginia or Dwarf or Paleseed | Plantago virginica L. | Plantain (Plantaginaceae) | native |
| Pokeweed; Poke; Pokeberry | Phytolacca americana L. var. americana | Pokeweed (Phytolaccaceae) | native |
| Poppy Mallow, Purple | Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray [sec. Kohrt] | Mallow (Malvaceae) | native |
| Porcupine Grass | Hesperostipa spartea (Trin.) Barkworth [=Stipa spartea Trin.] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Prairie Clover, Purple | Dalea purpurea Vent. var. purpurea [sec. Frymoyer] [=Petalostemon purpureum (Vent.) Rydb.] |
Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Prairie Clover, White | Dalea candida Willd. [=Petalostemon candidum (Willd.) Michx.] |
Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Prickly Pear, Eastern | Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. var. humifusa [=O. compressa (Salisb.) J.F.Macbr.] |
Cactus (Cactaceae) | native |
| Puccoon, Hoary or Orange | Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm. | Borage; Forget-me-not (Boraginaceae) | native |
| Pussytoes, Field | Antennaria neglecta Greene | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Pussytoes, Plantain-leaved | Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Hook. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Rabbit-tobacco, Eastern | Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt [=Gnaphalium obtusifolium L.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Ragweed, Common or Annual | Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Ragweed, Giant or Great | Ambrosia trifida L. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Ragwort, Prairie; Prairie Groundsel | Packera plattensis (Nutt.) W.A.Weber & Á.Löve [=Senecio plattensis Nutt.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Rattlesnake Root, Glaucous or Purple; Glaucous White Lettuce |
Prenanthes racemosa Michx. [sec. Baker] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Rattlesnake Root, Rough; Rough White Lettuce | Prenanthes aspera Michx. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Reed Canarygrass | Phalaris arundinacea L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native, Europe |
| Reedgrass, Northern | Calamagrostis stricta (Timm) Koeler ssp. inexpansa (A.Gray) C.W.Greene [=C. inexpansa A.Gray] |
Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Rock Cress, Smooth | Boechera laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Al-Shehbaz [=Arabis laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Poir.] |
Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | native |
| Rock Jasmine, Western; Western Androsace | Androsace occidentalis Pursh | Primrose (Primulaceae/Myrsinaceae) | native |
| Rock-rose; Hoary Frostweed | Helianthemum bicknellii Fernald | Rock-rose (Cistaceae) | native |
| Rosinweed; Wholeleaf Rosinweed | Silphium integrifolium Michx. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Rush, Path or Poverty | Juncus tenuis Willd. | Rush (Juncaceae) | native |
| Ryegrass, Perennial or English | Lolium perenne L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Eurasia |
| Sage, White or Silver; Silver Wormwood | Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. ssp. ludoviciana | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Sandbur, Mat or Longspine | Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fernald | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Sandgrass, Purple | Triplasis purpurea (Walter) Chapm. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Scorpion-grass, Early | Myosotis verna Nutt. [sec. Thorne] | Borage; Forget-me-not (Boraginaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex cf. alopecoidea Tuck. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex annectens (E.P.Bicknell) E.P.Bicknell | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex bicknellii Britton in Britton & A.Br. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex blanda Dewey | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex brevior (Dewey) Mack. ex Lunell | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex cephalophora Muhl. ex Willd. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex davisii Schwein. & Torr. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex grisea Wahlenb. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex haydenii Dewey | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex leavenworthii Dewey | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex meadii Dewey | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex mesochorea Mack. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex cf. muehlenbergii Schkuhr ex Willd. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex muskingumensis Schwein. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex normalis Mack. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex pellita Willd. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex pensylvanica Lam. in Lam. et al. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Sedge | Carex rosea Schkuhr ex Willd. | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Self-heal; Heal-all | Prunella vulgaris L. | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native, Eurasia |
| Seneca Snakeroot; Senega Root | Polygala senega L. | Milkwort (Polygalaceae) | native |
| Shepherd's Purse | Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | Eurasia |
| Shooting Star, Eastern; Pride-of-Ohio | Dodecatheon meadia L. | Primrose (Primulaceae/Myrsinaceae) | native |
| Sideoats Grama | Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Skullcap, Small or Little | Scutellaria parvula Michx. [sec. Lyon] | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | native |
| Smartweed, Pennsylvania | Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M.Gómez [=Polygonum pensylvanicum L. var. laevigatum Fernald] |
Smartweed (Polygonaceae) | native |
| Smartweed, Swamp | Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small [=Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx.] |
Smartweed (Polygonaceae) | native |
| Snakeroot, Canada or Canada Black | Sanicula canadensis L. | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Snakeroot, Clustered Black | Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M.Pryer & L.R.Phillippe [=S. gregaria E.P.Bicknell] |
Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Snakeroot, Common White | Ageratina altissima (L.) R.M.King & H.Robinson [=Eupatorium rugosum Houtt.] |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Solomon's Seal, Large False; False Spikenard; Solomon's Plume |
Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link ssp. racemosum [=Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf.] |
Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Solomon's Seal, Giant | Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) Elliott | Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Solomon's Seal, Little False or Starflower | Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link [=Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf.] |
Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Sorrel, Sheep or Field | Rumex acetosella L. | Smartweed (Polygonaceae) | Eurasia |
| Sow-thistle, Common | Sonchus oleraceus L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | Europe |
| Spearmint | Mentha spicata L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Mint (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) | Europe |
| Speedwell, Common or Corn or Rock or Field | Veronica arvensis L. | Figwort; Snapdragon (Scrophulariaceae) | Eurasia |
| Spiderwort, Smooth | Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. | Spiderwort (Commelinaceae) | native |
| Spring Beauty, Eastern | Claytonia virginica L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Purslane (Portulacaceae) | native |
| Spurge, Carpet or Prostrate; Milk Purslane | Chamaecyse maculata (L.) Small [=Euphorbia maculata L.] |
Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| Spurge, Cypress; Graveyard Spurge | Euphorbia cyparissias L. [sec. Fryomyer] | Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | Eurasia |
| Spurge, Flowering | Euphorbia corollata L. | Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| Spurge, Nodding; Eyebane | Chamaecyse nutans (Lag.) Small [=Euphorbia nutans Lag.] |
Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| Spurge, Toothed | Euphorbia dentata Michx. | Spurge (Euphorbiaceae) | native |
| St. John's-wort, Round-seed | Hypericum sphaerocarpum Michx. | St. John's-wort (Hypericaceae/Guttiferae) | native |
| St. John's-wort, Spotted | Hypericum punctatum Lam. [sec. Scott] | St. John's-wort (Hypericaceae/Guttiferae) | Europe |
| Star of Bethlehem; Nap-at-noon; Sleepy Dick | Ornithogalum umbellatum L. | Lily (Liliaceae) | Europe |
| Star-grass, Yellow | Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville | Lily (Liliaceae) | native |
| Stickseed | Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M.Johnston | Borage; Forget-me-not (Boraginaceae) | native |
| Stonecrop; Garden Orpine | Hylotelephium cf. erythrostictum (Miq.) H.Ohba [=Sedum erythrostictum Miq.] |
Stonecrop (Crassulaceae) | Asia |
| Strawberry, Wild or Virginia | Fragaria virginiana Duchesne | Rose (Rosaceae) | native |
| Sunflower, Thinleaf or Pale | Helianthus decapetalus L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Sunflower, Western | Helianthus occidentalis Riddell ssp. occidentalis | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Sunflower, Woodland | Helianthus divaricatus L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Sweetclover, White | Melilotus albus Medik. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | Eurasia |
| Sweetclover, Yellow | Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | Eurasia |
| Switchgrass | Panicum virgatum L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Tansy Mustard, Western | Descurainia pinnata (Walter) Britton ssp. brachycarpa (Richardson) Detling | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | native |
| Thistle, Field | Cirsium discolor (Muhl. ex Willd.) Spreng. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Thistle, Hill's | Cirsium pumilum (Nutt.) Spreng. var. hillii (Canby) B.Boivin |
Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Tick Trefoil, Illinois | Desmodium illinoense A.Gray | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Tick Trefoil, Pointed Leaf | Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) A.W.Wood |
Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Tick Trefoil, Showy or Canada | Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. | Pea; Bean (Fabaceae/Leguminosae) | native |
| Timothy | Phleum pratense L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | Eurasia |
| Toadflax, Bastard | Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. ssp. umbellata | Sandalwood (Santalaceae) | native |
| Umbrella-sedge; Flatsedge | Cyperus filiculmis Vahl | Sedge (Cyperaceae) | native |
| Venus' Looking Glass, Clasping | Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. [=Specularia perfoliata (L.) A.DC.] |
Bellflower; Bluebell (Campanulaceae) | native |
| Vervain, Hoary | Verbena stricta Vent. | Vervain (Verbenaceae) | native |
| Vervain, White | Verbena urticifolia L. | Vervain (Verbenaceae) | native |
| Violet, Arrowleaf | Viola sagittata Aiton [sec. Lyon] | Violet (Violaceae) | native |
| Violet, Birdfoot | Viola pedata L. | Violet (Violaceae) | native |
| Violet, Prairie | Viola pedatifida G.Don [sec. Lyon] | Violet (Violaceae) | native |
| Violet, Blue Wood or Early Blue | Viola palmata L. | Violet (Violaceae) | native |
| Violet, Common Blue | Viola sororia Willd. [incl. V. papilionacea Pursh] |
Violet (Violaceae) | native |
| Violet, Sand or Missouri | Viola affinis Leconte [sec. Scott] [=V. missouriensis Greene] |
Violet (Violaceae) | native |
| Violet, Sweet | Viola odorata L. | Violet (Violaceae) | Europe |
| Water Parsnip, Hemlock or Fragrant | Sium suave Walter [sec. Frymoyer] | Carrot (Apiaceae/Umbelliferae) | native |
| Whitlow Grass; White Whitlow Wort | Draba reptans (Lam.) Fernald | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | native |
| Wildrye, Canada | Elymus canadensis L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Wildrye, Downy | Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Wildrye, Virginia | Elymus virginicus L. | Grass (Poaceae/Gramineae) | native |
| Wood Sorrel, Violet | Oxalis violacea L. | Wood Sorrel (Oxalidaceae) | native |
| Wood Sorrel, Yellow | Oxalis dillenii Jacq. | Wood Sorrel (Oxalidaceae) | native |
| Wood Sorrel, Yellow | Oxalis stricta L. [sec. Frymoyer] | Wood Sorrel (Oxalidaceae) | native |
| Yarrow, Common; Common Milfoil | Achillea millefolium L. | Aster; Daisy; Sunflower (Asteraceae/Compositae) | native |
| Yellow Rocket; Common Winter Cress | Barbarea vulgaris W.T.Aiton in Aiton & W.T.Aiton | Mustard; Cabbage (Brassicaceae/Cruciferae) | Eurasia |
| Yucca, Great Plains or Soapweed; Beargrass | Yucca glauca Nutt. [sec. Lyon] | Agave (Agavaceae) | native, not e.IA |
| TOTAL: 365 species Native: 302 (83%) |
|||
| SPECIES LATIN NAME | FAMILY LATIN NAME | SPECIES HABITAT | ORIGIN |
| BRYOPHYTES | |||
| MOSSES | |||
| Anomodon minor (Hedw.) Fürnr. | Anomodontaceae | white oak branches | native |
| Atrichum altecristatum (Ren. & Card.) B.B.Smyth & L.C.D.Smyth | Polytrichaceae | gopher mounds | native |
| Atrichum angustatum (Brid.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. | Polytrichaceae | gopher mounds | native |
| Barbula unguiculata Hedw. | Pottiaceae | gopher mounds | native |
| Brachythecium oxycladon (Brid.) Jaeg. | Brachytheciaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Brachythecium salebrosum (Web. & Mohr) Schimp. in B.S.G. | Brachytheciaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Bruchia flexuosa (Schwaegr.) Müll.Hal. | Bruchiaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Bruchia texana Aust. | Bruchiaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Bryum argenteum Hedw. | Bryaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Bryum caespiticium Hedw. | Bryaceae | exposed soil, roadbank | native |
| Campylium chrysophyllum (Brid.) J.Lange | Amblystegiaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Didymodon rigidulus Hedw. var. icmadophilus (Schimp. ex Müll.Hal.) R.H.Zander [=Barbula icmadophila ex Müll.Hal.] |
Pottiaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Entodon seductrix (Hedw.) Müll.Hal. | Entodontaceae | white oak branches | native |
| Ephemerum crassinervium (Schwaegr.) Hampe var. texanum (Grout) V.S.Bryan & L.E.Anderson |
Ephemeraceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Eurhynchium hians (Hedw.) Sande Lac. | Brachytheciaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Funaria americana Lindb. | Funariaceae | exposed soil, roadbank | native |
| Funaria hygrometrica Hedw. | Funariaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Leptodictyum humile (P. Beauv.) Ochyra | Amblystegiaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Leptodictyum riparium (Hedw.) Warnst | Amblystegiaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Leskea gracilescens Hedw. | Leskeaceae | white oak branches | native |
| Lindbergia brachyptera (Mitt.) Kindb. | Leskeaceae | white oak branches | native |
| Orthotrichum pumilum Sw. | Orthotrichaceae | white oak branches | native |
| Orthotrichum pusillum Mitt. | Orthotrichaceae | white oak branches | native |
| Physcomitrium pyriforme (Hedw.) Hampe | Funariaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Plagiomnium ciliare (Müll.Hal.) T.Kop. | Mniaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Plagiomnium cuspidatum (Hedw.) T.Kop. | Mniaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Pleuridium subulatum (Hedw.) Rabenh. | Ditrichaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Pylaisiella selwynii (Kindb.) Crum et al. | Hypnaceae | white oak branches | native |
| Tortula acaulon (Withering) R.H.Zander [=Phascum cuspidatum Hedw.] |
Pottiaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Weissia controversa Hedw. | Pottiaceae | gopher mounds | native |
| Weissia muhlenbergiana (Swartz) W.D.Reese & B.A.E.Lemmon [=Astomum muhlenbergianum (Sw.) Grout] |
Pottiaceae | gopher mounds | native |
| HEPATICS OR LIVERWORTS | |||
| Aneura pinguis (L.) Dumort. | Aneuraceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| Reboulia hemispherica (L.) Raddi | Aytoniaceae | exposed soil, roadbank | native |
| Frullania eboracensis Gott. | Jubulaceae | white oak branches | native |
| ANTHEROCEROTES | |||
| Phaeoceros laevis (L.) Prosk. | Anthocerotaceae | exposed soil, gopher mounds | native |
| TOTAL: 35 species Native: 35 (100%) |
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| TOTAL ALL SPECIES: 400 Native: 337 (84%) |
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| This list is based on my field studies from 1983 to 2011 and incorporates lists published in The Cedar County Historical Review in 1974 by Frances Frymoyer "Flowers of Rochester | |||
| Cemetery" pp. 10-57) and David Lyon ("Rochester Cemetery" pp. 2-9). 'Sec.' (secundum=according to) indicates species not observed by me, but published by Frymoyer or Lyon, | |||
| identified by Almut G. Jones, or by others, particularly Jim Scott and Tom Cady, also R.G. Baker, M. Brown, C. Kohrt, M. O'Keefe, R.S. Rhodes & R. Thorne. | |||